GEN ED NOTES- Figurative Language
FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE {Gen. Ed}
● Metaphor - is a comparison made b/w things w/c are essentially not alike.
Ex: "Nobody invites Edward to parties because He is a wet blanket"
● Simile - is like a metaphor and often uses the words "like" or "as"
Ex: "Jamie runs as fast as the wind"
● Personification - when something that is not human is given human-like qualities, this is known as personification.
Ex: " The leaves danced in the wind on the cold October afternoon"
● Hyperbole - exaggerating, often in a humorous way to make a particular point is known as hyperbole.
Ex: "My eyes widened at the sight of the mile-high ice cream cones we're having for dessert"
● Onomatopoeia - when you name an action by imitating the sound associated with it.
Ex: "The bees buzz angrily when their hive is disturbed"
● Idiom - an idiom is an expression used by a particular group of people with a meaning that is only known through common use.
Ex: "I'm just waiting for him to kick the bucket."
● Synecdoche - a synecdoche is a figure of speech using a word/words that are a part to represent a whole.
Ex: referring to credit cards as "plastic" is a synecdoche
● Assonance - when you repeat a vowel sound in a phrase, it is assonance.
Ex: "It's true, I do like Sue."
● Metonymy - a metonymy is a figure of speech where one thing is replaced with a word closely associated with it such as using "Washington" to refer to the United States.
PRINCIPLES & THEORIES OF LEARNING & MOTIVATION
● Psychosexual Theory/Psychoanalysis - Sigmund Freud
● Psychosocial Theory - Erik Erikson's Theory of Personality
● Ecological Theory - Eric Bronfenbrenner's Theory of Development
● Sociohistoric Cognitive Linguistic Theory - Lev Semanovich Vygotsky
● Cognitive Development - Jean Piaget; John Dewey; Jerome Brunner
● Phenomenology - Abraham Maslow; Carl Rogers; Louis Raths
● Behaviorism - Edward Thorndike; Ivan Pavlov; Burrhus Frederick Skinner
● Moral Development - Lawrence Kohlberg
● Ivan Pavlov - classical conditioning
● Edward Thorndike - connectionism
● B.F. Skinner - operant conditioning & reinforcement
● Albert Bandura - "bobo doll" experiment; modeling; self-efficacy
● David Ausubel - Meaningful Reception Theory
● Jerome Bruner - Discovery Learning Theory/Inquiry method
● Wolfgang Kohler's - Insight Learning Problem
● Richard Atkinson & Richard Shiffrin's - Information Processing Theory
● Robert Gagne's - Cumulative Learning Theory
● Howard Gardner - Multiple Intelligence
● Kurt Lewin's - Field Theory/ his concept of living space
● Bronfenbrenner's - Ecological System Theory
● Lev Vygotsky - Social Constructivism; Zond of Proximal Development (ZPD) * gap b/w actual and potential development
● Hilda Taba - Grassroots Approach
● Max Wertheimer - Gestalt Psychology
● Wilhelm Wundt - "Father of Modern Psychology"
● William James - wrote the "Principles of psychology"/ consciousness
● hypothalamus - brain's stress center
● Abraham Maslow - physiological needs; "Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs"; safety&security; love & belongingness; self-esteem; self-actualization
● John B. Watson - (behaviorist approach) an American psychologist who established the psychological school of behaviorism
● Metaphor - is a comparison made b/w things w/c are essentially not alike.
Ex: "Nobody invites Edward to parties because He is a wet blanket"
● Simile - is like a metaphor and often uses the words "like" or "as"
Ex: "Jamie runs as fast as the wind"
● Personification - when something that is not human is given human-like qualities, this is known as personification.
Ex: " The leaves danced in the wind on the cold October afternoon"
● Hyperbole - exaggerating, often in a humorous way to make a particular point is known as hyperbole.
Ex: "My eyes widened at the sight of the mile-high ice cream cones we're having for dessert"
● Onomatopoeia - when you name an action by imitating the sound associated with it.
Ex: "The bees buzz angrily when their hive is disturbed"
● Idiom - an idiom is an expression used by a particular group of people with a meaning that is only known through common use.
Ex: "I'm just waiting for him to kick the bucket."
● Synecdoche - a synecdoche is a figure of speech using a word/words that are a part to represent a whole.
Ex: referring to credit cards as "plastic" is a synecdoche
● Assonance - when you repeat a vowel sound in a phrase, it is assonance.
Ex: "It's true, I do like Sue."
● Metonymy - a metonymy is a figure of speech where one thing is replaced with a word closely associated with it such as using "Washington" to refer to the United States.
PRINCIPLES & THEORIES OF LEARNING & MOTIVATION
● Psychosexual Theory/Psychoanalysis - Sigmund Freud
● Psychosocial Theory - Erik Erikson's Theory of Personality
● Ecological Theory - Eric Bronfenbrenner's Theory of Development
● Sociohistoric Cognitive Linguistic Theory - Lev Semanovich Vygotsky
● Cognitive Development - Jean Piaget; John Dewey; Jerome Brunner
● Phenomenology - Abraham Maslow; Carl Rogers; Louis Raths
● Behaviorism - Edward Thorndike; Ivan Pavlov; Burrhus Frederick Skinner
● Moral Development - Lawrence Kohlberg
● Ivan Pavlov - classical conditioning
● Edward Thorndike - connectionism
● B.F. Skinner - operant conditioning & reinforcement
● Albert Bandura - "bobo doll" experiment; modeling; self-efficacy
● David Ausubel - Meaningful Reception Theory
● Jerome Bruner - Discovery Learning Theory/Inquiry method
● Wolfgang Kohler's - Insight Learning Problem
● Richard Atkinson & Richard Shiffrin's - Information Processing Theory
● Robert Gagne's - Cumulative Learning Theory
● Howard Gardner - Multiple Intelligence
● Kurt Lewin's - Field Theory/ his concept of living space
● Bronfenbrenner's - Ecological System Theory
● Lev Vygotsky - Social Constructivism; Zond of Proximal Development (ZPD) * gap b/w actual and potential development
● Hilda Taba - Grassroots Approach
● Max Wertheimer - Gestalt Psychology
● Wilhelm Wundt - "Father of Modern Psychology"
● William James - wrote the "Principles of psychology"/ consciousness
● hypothalamus - brain's stress center
● Abraham Maslow - physiological needs; "Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs"; safety&security; love & belongingness; self-esteem; self-actualization
● John B. Watson - (behaviorist approach) an American psychologist who established the psychological school of behaviorism
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